Hereditary Haemochromatosis (HFE): Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

By Sam
Hereditary Haemochromatosis (HFE): Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Complete article to Iron Overload Disorder | Symptoms, Genetics, Testing, and Management Hereditary Haemochromatosis (HFE) is one of the most common genetic disorders affecting iron metabolism in the human body. Despite its prevalence, it remains widely underdiagnosed due to its slow progression and non-specific early symptoms. This condition leads to excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in vital organs such as the liver, heart, pancreas, joints, and skin. Over time, this excess iron can cause serious and potentially life-threatening complications. In this comprehensive article, we will explore what Hereditary Haemochromatosis is, how it develops, its genetic basis, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatment options, lifestyle modifications, and long-term outlook. This article is designed to be informative, easy to understand, and valuable for patients, caregivers, medical students, and hea...
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BMLT 2nd year Sessional eaxm Question paper Microbiology

By Sam

 Microbiology 2nd year

2×5 = 10

Very Short answers 

1 Father of microbiology.



Ans = Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

2 Three name of gram positive bacteria.

Ans = Streptococcus Stephylococcus and Pneumococcus

3. Define disinfectant.

4. Discuss sterilization. 

5. Principal of gram stain.

Ans = That is use to identify bacteria physical and chemical properties.

6. Three name of gram negative bacteria.

Ans = Neisseria , Pseudomonas and Haemophilus

7. Any three name of biochemical test.

Ans = Carbohydrates Fermentation test , Catalase test and Indole production test

8. Two name of DNA virus

Ans = Hepatitis B Virus and Smallpox viruses

9. Explain serial dilution technique.

10. Two name of RNA virus

Ans = Hepatitis C virus And COVID-19

Short Answers

(5×5=25)

1. Morphology and Laboratory diagnosis of streptococcus ape.

2. Principal and procedure of AFB stain with results. 

3. Clinical disease and laboratory diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

4. Principal and procedure of Indol test with results.

5. Morphology and clinical disease of Treponema and Pseudomonas.

Essay Type Answers (Any-One)

(15x1 = 15)

 1. Morphology, clinical disease and laboratory diagnosis Dermetophytes and its Treatments.

 2. Morphology and clinical disease of corynebateria and procedure of Albert's stain.

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